Place

Gia Ninh

A citadel in Giao Chi — originally land of Me Linh district, according to the Yuanhe junxian zhi as quoted in a note of the Cuong muc — into which Ly Bi fled after his defeat at the mouth of the To Lich river in 545; the Liang armies besieged it and took it in the first month of 546.

At a glance

Location
Originally land of Me Linh district, according to the Yuanhe junxian zhi as quoted in a note of the Cuong muc1
Dates
Ly Bi, beaten at the mouth of the To Lich river, fled into this citadel in 545; the Liang armies besieged it, and it fell in the first month of 54623

About the place

The old chronicles say

The Tongjian tells the opening battle in three stages: Ly Bi met the Liang army with thirty thousand men, was beaten at Chu Dien, and beaten again at the mouth of the To Lich river, then fled into the citadel of Gia Ninh, which the armies advanced on and besieged. The Complete Annals copy that sentence almost word for word. The citadel fell in the first month of the following year, 546.243

The books do not agree on who took the citadel. The Liang shu records it down to the day: on the day Quy Suu, the governor of Giao Chau, Duong Phieu, took the citadel of Gia Ninh, Ly Bi fled into a cave of the Lao people, and it adds, 'Giao Chau was at peace' — though Ly Bi would live two more years and fight one more great battle. The Nan shi copies the Liang shu exactly, and only names more precisely where Ly Bi fled: the Khuat Lao cave. The Tongjian also credits Duong Phieu and those with him. But the Complete Annals, which follow the Tongjian almost word for word, change the subject: 'Ba Tien and his men took the citadel of Gia Ninh.' The histories give no reason for the change.3524

Mentioned in

  1. Episode 7The Liang strike back, and Ly Nam De dies, 545-54816 min

Sources for this page

Every row of the profile and every passage below points to one of these documents. How we choose and check sources

  1. Kham dinh Viet su thong giam cuong muc

    Preliminary Annals book 4 — the notes on place names

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  2. Zizhi tongjian

    book 159, Annals of the Liang 15 — main text, in an edition without commentary

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  3. Liang shu

    book 3, the annals of Emperor Wu, last part, the first year of the Zhong Datong era and the second year of the Taiqing era — main text

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  4. Dai Viet su ky toan thu

    the annals of the Early Ly, folios 14b-17a — main text and the Complete Annals’ own small notes

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  5. Nan shi

    book 7, the annals of the Liang, middle part — main text

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